Nanoscale structured materials are referred to as nanometer materials for short, which means that the size of their structural units ranges from 1 nanometer to 100 nanometers. Since its size is close to the coherence length of electrons, its properties change greatly due to the self-organization brought about by strong coherence. Moreover, its scale is close to the wavelength of light, and it has a special effect of a large surface, so its properties, such as melting point, magnetism, optics, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, etc., are often different from those of the substance in its bulk state. the nature of the performance.

The broad scope of nanotechnology can include nanomaterial technology and nanoprocessing technology, nanometer measurement technology, nanometer application technology and so on. Among them, nano-material technology focuses on the production of nano-functional materials (ultrafine powder, coating, nano-modified materials, etc.), performance testing technology (chemical composition, microstructure, surface morphology, physical, chemical, electrical, magnetic, thermal and optical, etc.) performance).

Applications of nanomaterials: natural nanomaterials, nanomagnetic materials, nanoceramic materials, nanosensors, nanoscale functional materials, nanosemiconductor materials, nanocatalytic materials, medical applications, nanocomputers, nanocarbon tubes, home appliances, environmental protection, Textile industry, machinery industry.

Nanomaterials can be roughly divided into four categories: nanopowders, nanofibers, nanomembranes, and nanoblocks.